Physics 120

Task #1- Go to: phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties

1. Click on the “Measurement Tools” button. Click on the Ruler. This will cause the ruler to appear.
2. You can drag the ruler into position so you can make measurements of the width of the box. The units the ruler measures in are nanometers. We will change nanometers to liters when recording the values in your data table as volume is 3D.
3. The 1^st gas law you will verify looks at the relationship between volume and pressure when there is a constant temperature. So, you must set your container to constant temperature. Click on the Temperature button in the “Constant Parameters” on the upper right corner. This will cause the temperature to automatically adjust to whatever the initial value is set at.
4. Change the gas to 100 molecules of the HEAVY species by manually selecting this in the right box. According to the kinetic molecular theory, what action causes pressure on the inside of the container? _____________________________________________________________________
5. Hypothesize: If you make the container smaller, how will this affect the answer to the previous question? _____________________________________________________________________
6. If you make the container larger? __________________________________________________
7. What is the temperature of your box? __________________________
8. You are going to adjust the volume of the container by clicking on the handle on the left side of the container and dragging it to various widths.
9. Dramatically change the volume of the container to a smaller size. Initially, what happens to the temperature of the box? __________________________________
10. What does the simulation automatically do to your container to re-establish constant temperature? __________________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________________________
11. Complete the following chart by selecting volumes of 8L, 7L, 6L, 5L, 4L, 3L. Record pressure and calculate K1 and K2

Trials	Volume (V)	Pressure (P)	K1= (P * V)	K2= P/V
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
Trial 6

Which variable did you control (independent)? ________________________________________

Which variable is the dependent variable? ___________________________________________

 

1. Graph Pressure Vs. Volume in the following graph. Use proper scaling. Title and Label the graph appropriately. Draw a curved line best connecting all of the data points.

 

1. Looking at your data and graph, describe the relationship between volume and pressure. ______
   ______________________________________________________________________________
2. As the volume gets larger, what happens to the pressure of the gas? ______________________
3. Which value remains consistent in the data table? K1   or K2
4. This k-value is constant; the ratio between volume and temperature of any point on the graph will be the same. Given the following volumes determine the pressure.

V1= 4.5L  P1= _______                                  and  V2= 9.0L  P1= _______

1. Show K-value calculations:
2. Which of the gas laws does this verify? ______________________________________________
3. Write an equation for the Law _____________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Part #2

1. The 2nd gas law you will verify looks at the relationship between volume and temperature when there is a constant pressure. So, you must set your container to constant pressure. Click on the pressure button in the “Constant Parameters” on the upper right corner. This will cause the pressure to automatically adjust to whatever the initial value is set at.
2. Change the gas to 100 molecules of the HEAVY species by manually selecting this in the right box. According to the kinetic molecular theory, what action causes pressure on the inside of the container? _____________________________________________________________________
3. Hypothesize: If you make the container smaller, how will this affect the answer to the previous question? _____________________________________________________________________
4. If you make the container larger? __________________________________________________
5. What is the pressure of your box? __________________________
6. Complete the following chart by selecting volumes of 8L, 7L, 6L, 5L, 4L, 3L. Record volume, temperature and pressure

Trials	Volume (V)	Pressure (P)	Temperature (T)
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
Trial 6

Which variable did you control (independent)? ________________________________________

Which variable is the dependent variable? ___________________________________________

 

1. Graph Temperature Vs. Volume in the following graph. Use proper scaling. Title and Label the graph appropriately. Draw a curved line best connecting all of the data points.

 

1. Looking at your data and graph, describe the relationship between volume and temperature
   ______________________________________________________________________________
2. As the volume gets larger, what happens to the temperature of the gas? ______________________
3. Which of the gas laws does this verify? _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________