discuss dry bulk freight rates for the overall dry bulk shipping market (e.g., reflected by an index such as BDI, BCI, BPI or other indices) or dry bulk freight rates for a specific shipping route (e.g., Australia-China or other shipping routes).

Identify two most important demand variables and two most important supply variables affecting dry bulk freight rates. Clearly address how the selected variable affected dry bulk freight rates with relevant examples/data.

Include the impacts of the changed dry bulk freight rates on shipping companies. Here, the impacts might be discussed from operational and financial perspectives. Also welcome to add more perspectives to discuss ‘impacts’.

Discuss what actions can be taken by shipping companies to respond to the changed dry bulk freight rates. The goal is to improve shipping companies’ operations, reduce shipping costs, and increase profits.