Discussion board post #1
Identify the topic of Interest and write it out in a PICO question format.
The topic of interest is tailored health-care for the increasing documented and undocumented immigrant populations.
According to Polit & Beck (2021), the acronym PICOT format is explained below in more detail. (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time)
- Population: What are the key characteristics of the population?
The key characteristics of the population are documented and undocumented immigrants coming into the United States through the southern border.
- Intervention: What is the intervention or therapy of interest? Or what is a potentially harmful or beneficial influence?
The intervention for optimal immigrant health is the APNs ability to care adequately and efficiently for this population.
- Comparison: With what is the intervention of influence being compared?
Hispanic vs. Non-Hispanic immigrants (documented vs. undocumented)
- Outcome: What is the outcome or consequence in which we are interested?
Poor health outcomes are associated with immigrants crossing the southern border without knowledge of western health-care practices.
- Time: What time frame is part of the outcome?
Immigration status over the past 10 years in the U.S.
A clinical question that uses the PICOT format: How does the APN adapt and achieve optimal health-care outcomes for the undocumented immigrant population today compared to the past 10 years?
Identify the PICO type and explain why it “fits” your topic of interest, provide rationale.
The PICO type that best fits the topic of interest is therapy first, then prevention. By using extensive research, the nurse should be more capable and equipped to care for multicultural populations and provide optimal health-care directed at specific culture needs (Polit & Beck, 2021). Ideally, prevention should be the primary focus but with immigrants who have sustained injury or long-term illnesses prior to entering a new location, therapy will most likely be the main focus.
What is the primary type of research design that aligns with your PICO question and provide rationale.
The primary type of research design that aligns best with the PICO question is quantitative experimental. Polit & Beck (2021) explain these research designs are otherwise known as randomized controlled trials and controlled trials. Quantitative experimental research design fits the PICOT question best by measuring the population attributes and study relationships of a specific culture. Controlled experiments are used as reliable evidence about causes and effects which yield to better knowledge of care for immigrants of all cultures.
Choose a Nursing Theory /Model that aligns with your topic/project, Explain the chosen theory/ Model Briefly.
Madeleine M. Leininger was the nursing theorist that developed transcultural nursing theory which is also the culture care theory of diversity and universality. This model best fits with the PICOT question stated above by focusing on the practice of caring for the culturally diverse populations and promoting health and well-being by those who have faced unfavorable living conditions, illness or even death by transitioning to a foreign country (Gonzalo, 2021).
Explain how the application of the Theory/Model will help guide nursing practice specific to your topic/project.
The theory of transcultural nursing guides the APN through learning about many different cultures and belief systems of individuals who may be coming to the U.S. documented or undocumented. The APN must be equipped to understand the many different health-care practices, beliefs, and values these individuals possess (Gonzalo, 2021). The culture care theory guides the APN to provide world-class quality care to the underserved populations coming across the southern border.
References
Polit, D., & Beck, C. (2021). Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Gonzalo, A. (2021, August 20). Madeleine M. Leininger: Transcultural Nursing Theory. Nurselabs. https://nurseslabs.com/madeleine-leininger-transcultural-nursing-theory
Discussion board post #2
Postpartum depression is the topic of interest. Postpartum depression has the highest prevalence in the United States (Slomian et. al., 2019).
Problem- postpartum depression (PPD)
Intervention- increased screening tools and frequency used for postpartum depression
Comparison- standard of care
Outcome- Increasing the frequency of screening tools will lead to early recognition and treatment of postpartum depression.
Time: six months
Over the span of 6 months is the increased use of screening tools and increased frequency more accurate in early diagnosing and treating postpartum depression compared with the standard of care?
The PICO type that fits this topic is diagnosis. Postpartum depression is an underdiagnosed outcome of both normal and complicated pregnancies (LeFevre et al., 2022). Early diagnosing of PPD can lead to earlier treatment. The PICO question involves using increased frequency of screening tools for postpartum depression to help with diagnosis.
The research design this student plans on using when conducting research for the PICO question involves randomized control trials. The key to answering the PICO question involves testing the new idea of increasing screening tools for PPD compared to the current standard of care. Using randomized control trials guides the research into determining if this is an evidence based practice that should be implemented.
A nursing theory that aligns with the PICO question is Ramona Mercer’s Becoming a Mother Theory/Maternal role attainment. This theory was chosen because maternal-fetal attachment improves pregnancy health and facilitates maternal role attainment and has a protective role against PPD (Tsuchida, ET. AL., 2019).
Mercer’s theory correlates with postpartum depression hand in hand. To achieve the maternal role, the mother must have a sense of harmony, confidence and competence (Mercer and Walker, 2006). Post partum depression makes the mother feel insecure and incompetent. The mother may withdraw and bonding will be limited with the infant. Mercer’s becoming a mother influences postpartum depression. It is known depressed mothers feel insecure about the maternal infant bond. Mercer’s theory states to achieve becoming a mother, she must feel confident and competent in her bond with the child. Mercer states interventions should be incorporated during pregnancy to begin the process of becoming a mother. Mercer’s model shows the importance of social support systems. Research has shown support systems can positively or negatively affect becoming a mother and postpartum depression (Badr, et. al. 2018).
References
Badr, L. K., Ayvazian, N., Lameh, S., & Charafeddine, L. (2018). Is the effect of postpartum depression on mother-infant bonding universal? Infant Behavior and Development, 51, 15–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2018.02.003Links to an external site.
LeFevre, N., Buck, K., & Strickland, D. (2022). An FP’s guide to identifying—and treating—postpartum depression. The Journal of Family Practice, 71(9). https://doi.org/10.12788/jfp.0510
Mercer, R. T., & Walker, L. O. (2006). A review of nursing interventions to foster becoming a mother. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 35(5), 568–582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00080.xLinks to an external site.
Slomian, J., Honvo, G., Emonts, P., Reginster, J.-Y., & Bruyère, O. (2019). Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes. Women’s Health, 15.
Tsuchida, A., Hamazaki, K., Matsumura, K., Miura, K., Kasamatsu, H., Inadera, H., Kawamoto, T., Ohya, Y., Kishi, R., Yaegashi, N., Hashimoto, K., Mori, C., Ito, S., Yamagata, Z., Inadera, H., Kamijima, M., Nakayama, T., Iso, H., Shima, M., … Katoh, T. (2019). Changes in the association between postpartum depression and mother-infant bonding by parity: Longitudinal results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 110, 110–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.11.022
