Infections disease( spillover)

QUESTION 1
Ignaz Semmelweiss is known for which of the following?
A. determining that contaminated medical equipment was causing childbed fever
B. developing a smallpox vaccine based on a cowpox variant

C. Shutting down the broad street pump
D. Discovered the association between draining swamps and preventing malaria
E. Created the germ theory

QUESTION 2
Provide a 1 sentence definition for the following:
Incubation period:
Reservoir:
Morbidity:
Mortality:

QUESTION 3
Describe the epidemiological transition.

QUESTION 4
What is the difference between Public Health and Medicine

QUESTION 5
What is the difference between a case-control study and a cohort study (
QUESTION 6
In your own words, how are R0 and herd immunity related to each other?
QUESTION 7
Provide a 1 sentence definition for the following (3pts all or nothing)
Endemic:
Epidemic:
Pandemic:

QUESTION 8
Chronic Diarrhea can result in a ‘straightening’ of the intestines, why is this bad?
QUESTION 9
(True/False) The Miasma theory suggests that noxious forms of air cause diseases.
True
False
QUESTION 10
Roughly ______ of travelers will develop diarrhea during a trip of approximately 2 weeks
30%
50%
70%
90%
QUESTION 11
Epidemiologist describe populations based on person, place and ________
QUESTION 12
Which diarrheal disease has the telltale symptom of “rice water diarrhea”?

QUESTION 13
List three factors that are contributing to the emergence of infectious diseases. (3pts)

QUESTION 14
Explain in detail the difference between antigenic shift and drift
QUESTION 15
(True/False) The small pox vaccine confers protection against monkey pox.)

True
False
QUESTION 16
Both SARS and MERS- CoV are what type of virus?
QUESTION 17
List out the three clinical presentations of anthrax and include the mortality rate for each.  Also label which one is the most common. (4pts)

QUESTION 18
(True/False) Ebola transmission primarily occurs through inhaling infectious particles.)

True
False
In your own words, what makes the 2019 Ebola outbreak in DRC more complicated than the 2014 outbreak in West Afrca
QUESTION 20
What does BSL stand for, and which BSL type (1-4) is most secure.

QUESTION 21
List three characteristics of an infectious agent that will make it categorized as a bioterror threat.
QUESTION 22
(True/False) Prion diseases are not considered contagious)

True
False
QUESTION 23
How does a majority of Arenavirus transmission occur?

QUESTION 24
What is the difference between inoculation and vaccination?

QUESTION 25
In three to four sentences, explain how IgG and IgM work

QUESTION 26
Explain what is happening to the disease for each R0.
a.     Ro<1
b.     Ro=1
c.      Ro>1
QUESTION 27
Which oral vaccine causes shedding of virus in feces which results in infection with a wild type variant, that ultimately can cause some forms of paralysis. _______________
QUESTION 28
(True/False) The herd immunity threshold for measles is 94% vaccine coverage.
True
False
QUESTION 29
According to our lecture, how many possible variants of influenza are there _______

QUESTION 30
What role do pigs play in influenza virus reassortment? 3 points
QUESTION 31
What variant of Influenza was responsible for the Spanish Flu of 1918?

QUESTION 32
List out three risk factors associated with ARI

QUESTION 33
What occupation was at highest risk of Hendra virus infection in Australia (2pts)

QUESTION 34
Why was chapter two of spillover called “Thirteen Gorillas”( spillover is a book by David Quammen)
QUESTION 35
List two things that the Chinese government did to control and contain the spread of SARS?

QUESTION 36
Which malaria species is considered a newly emerging infection in humans, which was previously considered a form of primate malaria only?
QUESTION 37
Duffy antigen negative status is protective against P. vivax infection.  What is the prevalence of this protective genetic factor in West Africa.

Less than 10%
20-40%
40-60%
60-80%
Greater than 90%
QUESTION 38
How do spillover events occur and what actions could we start taking to prevent them from happening.( write in detail)

QUESTION 39
What are the pros and cons of censoring Bird flu research?

QUESTION 40
What malaria species is considered the most common and the most deadly according to lecture.
QUESTION 41
What annual event is a concern for MERS CoV transmission and why?
QUESTION 42
What is the proper sneezing technique?
QUESTION 43
Answer the following:
Did you think this exam was fair?
In what ways could it be improved? (besides requesting a study guide)
How many hours did you study?
Should the final exam be a similar format?