Discuss the push and pull factors of the 1800s that led to a rise in Irish immigrants in American society. What struggles did they face upon their arrival in the United States? Be sure to include social, economic and religious challenges specific to Irish immigrants during the 1800s.
Source: Ronald Takaki, A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1993).

Walter Johnson, Soul by Soul: Life Inside the Antebellum Slave Market (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001).