Answer the following prompts based on reading from the attached article.

1. Cite the article in the format used in science. You can look at the reference list to see the style this journal uses for examples.

2. Who funded this research?

3. A Null Hypothesis (H0) is a statement of no difference. Based on the information in the abstract, introduction to this research, and Table 1, write the hypothesis they tested in the form of a Null.
4. Based on the prior article you read about vaccines, what type of vaccine is this research about?
5. How many replicates were each variable (i.e. “N” or number of people in each experimental group) being tested?

6. What were the variables being tested?

7. Who were the test subjects? It is important to have replicates in an experiment. What occurred in this experiment that reinforces this concept?

8. What is seroconversion and do we want this to occur?

9. What is a convalescent serum? How is it being used in this study in terms of the Scientific Method?

10. PsVNA (pseudotyped lentivirus reporter single-round-of-infection neutralization assay) is used as an indicator tool of antibodies produced in the test subjects blood to determine if it can act against an antigen, in this case the antigen in SARS-CoV-2. Did this experiment report any PsVNA response to the variables being tested? Be specific to before and after the 1st injection, and then after the 2nd injection.

11.Seroconversion was rapid for binding ____________________, occurring within 2 weeks after the first __________________, but pseudovirus neutralizing activity was low before the ______________ ___________________, which supports the need for a _____________ ________________ _________________.

12. Any experiment has limitations modeling the dynamics of real time complexities, such as who acquires illness from a virus such as SARS-CoV-2. One of the limitations in this study is the _________________ in Covid-19 ______________________ __________________ ______________ according to factors such as patient ________, disease _____________, and _____________ since _______________ ___________ and for the number of samples (N) in the panel.

13. This study used a surrogate pseudo virus instead of live virus. When will assays for live virus neutralization be tested?

14. At this point in time, do you know if the subjects immunity to Covid-19 will persist? Explain.

15. When will the next phase of this efficacy trial begin?

16. Write a Hypothesize as to why the scientists are choosing the 100 microgram dose.